The present invention relates to a TMB classification method and system based on a pathological image, and a TMB analysis device based on a pathological image. The method comprises: performing TMB classification and marking and pre-processing on a known pathological image to construct a training set; training a convolutional neural network by means of the training set to construct a classification model; pre-processing a target pathological image of a target case to obtain a plurality of target image blocks; classifying the target image blocks by means of the classification model to obtain image block TMB classification results of the target case; and by means of all the image block TMB classification results, acquiring an image TMB classification result of the target case by means of classification voting. The present invention further relates to a TMB analysis device based on a pathological image. The TMB classification method of the present invention does not depend on samples other than a pathological image, has the advantages of being accurate, having a low cost and being rapid, and is of great value to tumor research.
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