A train position determination method employing a position report and track occupancy comprising: receiving a position report from an on-board device of a train, wherein the position report comprises at least a marked beacon recently passed by the train and a relative distance between a current position of the train and the beacon; determining whether a turnout exists within the relative distance to the marked beacon; if so, determining whether one and only one of next sections in different line directions extending from the turnout is in an occupied state; if so, determining whether the occupied state has lasted for at least a predetermined time period; if so, determining that a path direction of the section is a travelling direction of the train when the train passes the turnout; and determining the position of the train according to the determined direction and the position report. A train position checking method and a train operation control system are also provided.
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