[Problem] To provide an actuator which is provided with: an actuator main body that has a first surface and a second surface facing each other; a first constraining member that is provided on the first surface and constrains the expansion and contraction of the first surface; and a second constraining member that is provided on the second surface and constrains the expansion and contraction of the second surface. The actuator main body is provided with: a first electrode; a second electrode that faces the first electrode; and an elastomer layer that is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode is a patterned electrode. The first constraining member and the second constraining member are provided so as to correspond to the first electrode.
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