Improvements in the Electrolysis of Chlorides of Metals of the Alkalies and Alkaline Earths for the Purpose of Obtaining Chlorine, and Apparatus therefor.

摘要

5596. Atkins, G. J. March 16. Chlorine.-Relates to electrolysing a solution of an alkaline or alkaline-earth chloride, so as to obtain a solution suitable for use in the manufacture of chlorine. The cell consists of a long containing vessel a, lined with carbon b which is connected up to a conductor i so as to form the anode. The cathode consists of a wooden or like cylinder c, coated with a conductor, such as sheet-lead d, and mounted in bearings so as to be rotated within the cell at a distance of about two inches from the anode. It is connected up to a conductor j. The saturated chloride solution is charged in at one end of the cell, and slowly flows to the outlet at the other. The level of the liquid must be somewhat below the axis of the cvlinder. The pressure employed does not exceed four volts, but the current may be a large one. A rubber or like scraper h keeps the cylinder free from bubbles of hydrogen, and thereby prevents polarization. No substantial evolution of chlorine or hydrochloric acid should occur. As a result, a solution is obtained containing some chloride, some chlorate, and perhaps some oxychloride. This solution is easily decomposed by acid to obtain chlorine.