Improved process for the treatment of solid carbonaceous substances, mineral oils and heavy hydrocarbons by heat and high pressure with or without hydrogen

摘要

192,850. Bergius, F., and L÷ffler, S. Nov. 30, 1921. Mineral oils, extracting, purifying, etc.-In preparing light hydrocarbons by heating mineral oils or heavy hydrocarbons, which may be mixed with coal, brown coal, lignite, turf &c. under a pressure of about 100 atmospheres with or without hydrogen, as described in Specifications 25510/13. 4574/14, and 18232/14, [Class 32, Distilling &c.], the materials are heated to about the reaction temperature before being introduced into the reaction chamber. The reaction chamber 1, which may be made with thin walls is heated by hot gases, such as carbon dioxide, circulating in a jacket 2 under a pressure about equal to that used in the reaction chamber. The gas is circulated by a pump 3 through a heater 4. A slight difference of pressure, shown by a water column 7, is maintained between the reaction chamber and the jacket. Liquid materials from a tank 24 are forced by a pump 25 into a mixing-chamber 21 supplied with solid materials from a tank 22. The mixture is forced by a pump 35, supplied with liquid from a tank 31, through a pipe 17, in which it is heated by a jacket of hot gases circulated by a pump 20 through a heater 19. Hydrogen may be supplied from a container 12 through a heater 13. The product from the reaction chamber is passed through a cooler 36 before passing through a valve 37 by which the speed of discharge is controlled. Heavy mineral oils which tend to form pitch may be mixed with inert solid substances, such as diatomite, coke powder, coal ashes, &c., or with sulphur-binding reagents, such as diatomite or bog iron ore impregnated with alkali, before passing into the reaction chamber. The product obtained by the treatment may be mixed with a further quantity of coal &c. and again passed through the reaction chamber.