Process for manufacturing steel, particularly special and alloyed, in a vessel revolving around its vertical axis, furnished with means for varying sharply its velocity or reversing the sense of rotation, said vessel being internally lined with basic or acid refractory, the steelmaking being carried out by downwardly blowing oxydizing gases, in particular technically pure oxygen, over the melt consisting of liquid pig iron, iron or steel scarp and/or iron in pigs, flux and possibly iron ore, said melt being dynamically curved by the rotation; in which process the oxygen required for the refining, or other oxydizing or inert gases are blown downwardly, these being called primary jet, and other oxygen and/or other oxydizing gases, called secondary jet, are blown down in order to burn up to 90 percent of CO formed during the refining actions and form CO2 inside the vessel, including the metallic melt is directly overheated by the heat developed by said combustion of CO, without using other fuels, being the refractory lining of the vessel protected against the action of the heat as well as of the slag during the refining.
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