Piston-type internal combustion engine with a rotationally symmetrical combustion chamber in the form of a single-layer hyperboloid or with a the hyperboloid similar combustion chamber

摘要

1448797 Combustion chambers BARKASWERKE VEB 20 June 1974 [25 June 1973] 27376/74 Heading F1B A compression ignition internal combustion engine comprises a rotationally symmetric combustion chamber 2, Fig. 2, having an impact surface 31 on to which fuel, injected via a nozzle, impinges, the fuel being deflected from its original path resulting in a higher fuel to air ratio and consequently greater ignitability for starting the engine. The diameter of the combustion chamber which is formed in the top of piston 1, varies as shown in Fig. 2, the surface 31 being situated in a plane passing through the largest diameter and being formed on a pin 311 embedded in the wall of the combustion chamber. Means is provided for creating an air vortex within the combustion chamber, the vorticity of which increases with the engine speed. At low engine speeds, i.e. on starting, the vorticity is insufficient to deflect an appreciable portion of the injected fuel away from surface 31, the fuel therefore strikes the surface and is deflected back along its path resulting in a richer mixture for starting. At the engine's operating speed the vorticity is sufficient to cause a portion of the injected fuel to be deflected away from surface 31 thereby reducing the richness of the mixture for normal running. The impact surface 31 may instead be supported by an arcuate ramp (312) Fig. 3 (not shown), which is integral with the combustion chamber wall. In an alternative embodiment, Fig. 6, the impact surface is formed on the head of a pin 321 threaded into the combustion chamber wall near its open end, a portion of the fuel impinging upon the surface at a substantial angle of incidence and being deflected toward the axis, resulting again in a richer mixture for starting. At operating speeds, the deflected fuel is maintained in a vortex in the proximity of the combustion chamber opening where it has minimal effect on the richness of the mixture. In this embodiment, the proportion of fuel deflected by the impact surface may be varied by varying its distance from the combustion chamber wall.