Steel mfr. in bottom blown oxygen converter - in which large amt. of solid scrap can be melted using gaseous, liq. and solid fuels

摘要

Steel is made from solid materials(a) contg. Fe, such as scrap, in a converter with tuyeres passing through the lower part of the refractory lining. Oxidant gas, e.g. O2, in a protective medium(b), is injected via the tuyeres for burning materials(c) contg. carbon, so hot gases flow up through chargena) for preheating, followed by melting and refining in the same converter. In preheating, materials(c) are pref. gases or liqs. burned in stoichiometric amts. to form CO and H2O, esp. using light or heavy fuel oil, petroleum derivs. such as residues, and/or crude tar; or CH4, C3H8, C4H10, and/or similar gases. The tuyeres pref. have an inner pipe with at least one outer pipe forming an annulus fed with liq. hydrocarbon(b). A high proportion of scrap and other solids(a) can be melted with high thermal efficiency.