Step-wise prodn. of hydrocarbon(s) and other cpds. from coke - using multipurpose reactor system for gas-solid reactions

摘要

Appts. is claimed for improving the generator of combustible gases and hot fluids described in the Parent Patent. The improvements permit two-stage gasification of coke by steam, followed by the reaction of the H2 and CO to a variety of organic prods. A standard design of reactor unit is divided typically into 11 compartments, packed with coke or catalyst according to the reaction being carried out. The reactor units ("dissociators") are supplied with gas via ionizing nozzles. They are penetrated by tubes carrying gases for heating (H2 flame gases) or cooling (steam). The synthesis of organic prods. pref. has the following stages. (i) coke and steam give CO and H2. (ii) CO and steam give CO2 and H2 over a Ni catalyst. (iii) H2 and coke give methane. (iv) CO and H2 give methanol. (v) chalk, coke and steam give acetylene. (vi) acetylene gives benzene over a Raney Ni catalyst. (vii) further reactions of the intermediates so produced. Each stage takes place in a gp. of appropriate dissociators, the prod. from one group usually being the inlet gas to the next. The succession of groups of dissociators, accompanied in a thermal tunnel which conserves heat, constitutes the generator. Accomodation of various reactor units within one generator reduces heat losses, simplifies the plant and eliminates the need for intermediate prod. storage.