PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF COAL AND / OR HIGH-END EDGE OR TARP-BACK CONDITIONS BY COLUMN PRESSURE HYBRIDIZATION

摘要

In a process for the degradative hydrogenation of coal and heavy oils at temps. of 400-500 deg.C and pressures of 80-700 bar, the arrangement of the reactor is new. A mixt. of e.g. fine-ground coal and hydrogenation catalyst in heavy oil enters the top of a vertical reactor at 80-350 deg.C. The H2-rich gas, initially at 20-250 deg.C travels upwards, counter-current to the liq., entering the reactor a) at its base, and b) through its sides and into the hydrogenation zone. The reactor is provided with perforated horizontal plates in the zones of heat exchange at top and bottom and opt. in the hydrogenation zone between them, so as to cause turbulent mixing of gas and liq. Greater feedstock throughputs are possible for a given reactor vol. Improved mixing permits building of reactors of greater dia. than at present, i.e. up to 3m or more, instead of 1.5m max. This saves capital costs, as does the non-requirement for separate heat exchangers for reactor inlet and exit streams. There are energy savings because complete preheating of feed stream is unnecessary and the heat in the product stream is used optimally.