1995, And optical devices for measuring the quantity of opaque impurities other than the hydrocarbons in suspension in a liquid and the application to the optical measurement of the hydrocarbon content

摘要

A sample of liq. is mixed with a solvent for hydrocarbons, and after the solvent contg. the hydrocarbons has been removed, the oPacity of the liq. is measured optically, in a process for determining the amt. of opaque impurities apart from suspended hydrocarbons in suspension in a liq. Measurements are taken by a detector having a source of light and a photo-electric receiver positioned one on each side of the measuring vessel. This transmits an electrical signal which varies with the quantity of impurities other than hydrocarbons in suspension in the sample. For pref. the sample of liq. is filled into a container having a predetermined vol. Predetermined quantity of a solvent for hydrocarbons heavier than the sample liq. is added to the sample in the container and the two liqs. are thoroughly mixed. The mixt. is passed through a percolating column filled with the solvent, and the mixt. is collected in a measuring vessel positioned at the uppen end of the last percolating column. Used in appts. for measuring and recording the content of impurities of liqs. and esp. of the water ballast of tankers, before it is dumped back into the sea, so that serious pollution can be avoided. At the same time, other impurities must not be counted as hydrocarbons, since along with mud picked up at the mouths of rivers, the ballast water may also contain iron in colloidal form. The amt. of iron removed by the corrosive action of the seawater from the tanks can thus also be evaluated. By a subtraction process, the amt. of hydrocarbons present in the water can also be calculated.