PURPOSE:To obtain a micro quantum resistance standard by providing the electrodes for measuring the hole effect on the surface of a superconductor layer so that they are orthogonal. CONSTITUTION:On a substrate 1, a superconductor layer 2 is formed with a thickness which is thinner than the London penetration length but allows the penetration of a magnetic vector. Electrodes 3-6 for measuring the hole effect are provided on the surface of the superconductor layer so that they are orthogonal. An insulating layer 7 is formed on the surface of the superconductor layer 2 so that the electrodes 3-6 are exposed. With this, a device D operating as a quantum resistance standard is constructed. The device D is cooled until it becomes superconductive. And the magnetic field is strengthen while a current Ic is made to flow in the device D. Since the superconducting state is accomplished at a high cooling temperature and the scattering mechanism does not act on the superconducting particles for their motion in a two-dimensional plane, the quantization hole effect can be obtained by a relatively weak magnetic field. For this, a micro quantum resistance standard can be formed.
展开▼
