The invention relates to an oligonucleotide agent which can be used for the detection of at least one strain of Borrelia burgdorferi. We propose sequences common to all groups of Borrelia burgdorferi strains, usable either as primers during genetic amplification reactions, or as capture probes in a hybridization test on solid support where the target DNA is taken "sandwich" between this capture probe and a revelation probe, or as revelation probes in this hybridization test on solid support. Specific sequences of each of the groups of Bv strains are also proposed, usable as primers during genetic amplification reactions or as revelation or capture probes in the hybridization test on solid support mentioned above.
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