PURPOSE:To obtain a gradiometer suitable for integration in which an occupancy area is reduced, and the symmetric property of a shape is secured, by forming loops on a same plane in a concentric shape. CONSTITUTION:Three loops 1-3 are formed in a concentric circle shape by using a coil made of a superconductive material, and the loops 2 and 3 on the outside are wound reversely, or, the loop 3 on the outside is formed by a first coil and the loops 1 and 2 on the inside are constituted of a second coil, and end parts are crossed and are connected to the first coil. Either of them is used as a second order integration type, and since a superior symmetric property of the coil consisting of the gradiometer is attached, the spatial distribution of a detected magnetic field is not distorted. Also, since it is a flat type, a large number of gradiometers can be formed on a sheet of substrate by using a lithographic technique.
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