METHOD OF FORMING CONTROL MOMENTS FOR SPACE VEHICLE WITH MAGNETOINERTIAL ACTUATORS, SYSTEM OF FORMING CONTROL MOMENTS FOR SPACE VEHICLE WITH MAGNETOINERTIAL ACTUATORS AND MAGNETOINERTIAL ACTUATOR

摘要

FIELD: space engineering. SUBSTANCE: magnetic and gravitational control moments are formed on board of space vehicle by acting magnetically on sedimentary stable highly concentrated magnetorheological fluid. Highly concentrated magnetorheological fluid used as dampening medium enhances efficiency of dampening process due to increased coefficient of dampening at fixed structural, inertial and mass characteristics of the damper, as well as due to maintenance of maximum magnitude of dampening coefficient in course of dampening at magnetothermal transfer of cooled highly concentrated magnetorheological fluid to zone of intensive heating of fluid. After shifting to mode of control of angular motion of space vehicle, actions pertaining to directional magnetizing of highly concentrated magnetorheological fluid till permanent magnet is obtained and control of this magnet make it possible to attain high efficiency in control of space vehicle due to increase of absolute magnitude of total control moment (gravitational + magnetic). Increase of magnitude of gravitational moment is achieved through directional redistribution of mass of fluid by changing its density. In course of control, discrepancy in requirements for application of magnetic and gravitational control moments is eliminated. Since highly concentrated magnetizing/demagnetizing, changes from modes of dampening to mode of control of angular motion of space vehicle and vice versa may be unlimitedly cycled. System for realizing the above method in addition to standard sensors of angular velocity, unit for forming required control moments, three-channel magnetometer, unit for setting the parameters of space vehicle and modes of orientation includes some units and devices for performing the actions stipulated by the method, viz.: magnetoinertial actuator on base of highly concentrated magnetorheological fluid, unit for forming the corrections for kinematic circuit of control of magnetoinertial element, unit for shaping the control signals, unit for forming dampening element, unit for forming magnetoinertial element and unit for forming control magnetic fields. Functional interconnection of units of the system makes it possible to achieve the required results of the method. Main part of system is new magnetoinertial actuator on base of highly concentrated magnetorheological fluid. This actuator consists of hollow spherical housing made of nonmagnetic material and filled with highly concentrated magnetorheological fluid, fluid compensator, two bypass valves, two connecting pipes ("hot" and "cold" fluid), cooler, two electromagnets, casing-magnetic circuit, three pairs of commutatorless electric motors arranged along axes of control of device OX, OY, OZ, three sensors for measurement of speed of relative linear motion of spherical housing of device OX, OY, OZ, two-degree-of-freedom electrical mechanical retainer of device housing. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 4 cl, 12 dwg