A method of levelling a railway line 8 which comprises a series of parallel sleepers 10 which are laid on a ballast bed 12 and which support rails 14, comprises locating a gap 16 between a sleeper 10 and the ballast bed 12, positioning the sleeper 10 at the desired level, removing some ballast to expose the gap 16, and passing further filling material 24 into the gap 16 from a filling outlet 18 located in the gap 16. The filling means 17 may comprise a hollow steel tube having at one end a connection 20 to a compressed air line A, the outlet nozzle 18 at the other end, and a container 22 containing chippings 24 connected between the ends, so that the chippings are drawn into the pipe by passage of the compressed air.
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