Process and furnace for the destructive distillation of wood for the production of charcoal, or recovery of the volatile products of wood, or obtaining the wood.

摘要

b process and furnace for the destructive distillation of wood for the production of charcoal, or recovery of the volatile products of wood.Or obtain dry timber d the process of carbonization of wood is to submit it to a heat treatment at temperatures higher than the environment in a controlled atmosphere.If possible, free of free oxygen.In the previous report we describe a vertical reactor in which the processes of drying, pyrolysis, and the cooling of the charcoal are done in independent parts of the reactor.But this reactor requires cutting of wood in the small logs with a maximum of 30 cm long.What makes economically use the same to the carbonization of wood in Brazil.It is suitable only for plant material of small dimensions, such as the babassu coconut, coconut shell, and vegetable waste in general.The present invention relates to a process and independent ovens for drying and pyrolysis of the wood, and a vase to independent cooling of the charcoal.In this process, the volatile products - non condensable gases and vapors pirolenhosos condensu00e1veis are burned in a chamber independent for the generation of heat required in the process.It follows that the burning of the wood is avoided and the products condensu00e1veis pollutants are not released into the atmosphere.The present invention allow furnaces proposed by precise control of the process, thus providing the content of fixed carbon that if desired, and a higher yield of carbonization.That in turn means an increase of the forest reserve, either native or cultivated.In the pyrolysis and drying furnaces independently proposed by this invention, effluent gases from a combustion chamber located externally.Travel through the drying oven and then the cooling vessel, heating the solid column, drying and cooled charcoal in the reactor cooling.In the combustion chamber has a metallic heat exchanger, which transfers heat from the gases combustos for part of the gases produced in the pyrolysis furnace.Those gases will heat the dry cargo of wood in the pyrolysis furnace and to provide the heat required for carbonization, and therefore as a thermal fluid.The method we designed is possible to interrupt the process of charcoal production in the drying stage, aiming at obtaining dry timber, an excellent fuel.The fundamental concepts of the process that we are: 1) heating the column solid wood from which you want to extract volatile in the pyrolysis furnace.If you want to extract volatile by themselves, as in the reactor described in previous reports.2 the process of pyrolysis, drying and cooling, in independent reactors, reactors these that allow great flexibility in relation to the thermal fluid heat transmission.