Equipment and process to make separations and reactions among solids in aqueous suspensions and/or among liquids and solids

摘要

It is described an equipment able to make, in liquid suspension, either separations between size solids, being previously crushed and made dirty in the surface by fine particles deposits of various composition, or chemical reactions between the liquid of the suspension and the solids; the equipment is characterised by the fact that it consists of a vessel (1) whose plan is composed of a rectangle having almost equal sides and a trapezium having the longer base coinciding to a rectangle side, and it is equipped with a slopped upwards bottom (5), towards which the inner walls, formerly verticals, converge to form a channel (6) with the same bottom. Solids are fed from the top (12) by a known system and in an almost barycentric position compared to the plan and find, in the liquid, the time and physical conditions to float and to sediment according to their specific gravity and to that one of the liquid, intermediate among those ones of solids. While solids, lighter than liquid, floating, are conveyed by a feed vane, or other similar system, towards the overflow pipe together with the liquid, the solids, heavier than liquid, sediment and are conveyed upwards up to the outlet hole by a screw conveyor (9) along the slopped bottom (5) in order to cross the liquid head up to the out-of-liquid drainage zone (15) which consists of an extension both of the bottom and the screw feeder, where solids are furthermore washed by liquid spraying, to which, in a separate vessel, a reagent has been added to make the fine particles, stuck to the surfaces of all fed solids, soluble during their staying into the liquid suspension.