METHOD FOR ACCELERATION OF GAS-PHASE EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS AT LOW TEMPERATURES AND DEVICE FOR ITS REALIZATION

摘要

FIELD: designing and production of combustion chambers, in chemical, petrochemical, automobile industries, in laser engineering, in equipment and industry, where cleaning of exhaust gases from harmful impurities is required. SUBSTANCE: the method for acceleration of gas-phase reactions at low temperatures between gaseous components consists in the fact that the mixture of reacting gases and buffer, neutral component is so selected that the vibrating levels of molecules of the reacting gases would be close to the vibrating levels of molecules of the buffer, neutral gas, as well as to the vibrating levels of molecules being the reaction product. Then agitation of the components at the monomolecular level is accomplished, the parameters of the buffer and reacting components are selected and maintained in the process of reaction within the preset range for creation of conditions of self-accelerating reaction at a low static temperature. Conditions are created when vibrational energy is accumulated in the gas mixture due to chemical reactions, which is transferred to the molecules of the reacting gases thereby accelerating the chemical reactions. This, in turn, results in a growth of the quantity of molecules formed as a result of reaction and an increase of vibrational energy in the mixture of gases and in a further acceleration of reaction. An explosive burn-out of fuel takes place, and it occurs at a low static temperature. The device for acceleration of gas-phase reactions at low temperatures has in the combustion chamber a mixing unit of injected gas to the main gas flow, which is made in the form of a number of tubes with orifices uniformly distributed in the section of the main gas flow. The axes of the blown in injected gas are positioned within a range of angles from 0 to 120 deg. relative to the direction of the main gas flow. Besides, a turbolizer, made in the form of a grate of gas-dynamic nozzles, or in the form of a comb of bars or net, is installed down gas flow. The typical dimension of orifices of the turbolizer (d) is selected proceeding from condition d τ2chem(u/ν)³D2м, where τ_chem - the rate of chemical reaction of reacting gases, u - the rate of gas mixture, ν -the kinematic viscosity of gas mixture, D_M - the coefficient of molecular diffusion of mixing gases. EFFECT: enhanced quality of cleaning of exhaust gases. 5 cl, 1 dwg