METHOD FOR CULTIVATION OF FORAGE CULTURES IN IRRIGATED FARMING, PREDOMINANTLY FOR GREEN FORAGE CONVEYOR AT FATTENING IN-MILK HERD IN CATTLE

摘要

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: the suggested innovation deals with technologies to cultivate forage cultures under conditions of irrigated farming for developing continuous green forage conveyor to fatten cattle. The method in question deals with gradual mechanized performance of the following technological operations, such as: harvesting of precursor, skim plowing, introduction of potassium and phosphorus fertilizers, multi-depth plowing at turn-round of furrow slice, charge watering, early spring covering harrowing, introduction of nitrogenous fertilizers during preplanting cultivation, planting, postplanting rolling and harvesting of green mass. Except well-known technological operations regulated by zonal recommendations it is suggested to comprise fodder mixtures for the purpose to provide green valuable forage by combining Sudan grass and vetch and/or sunflower and vetch. Seed planting of the above- mentioned varieties should be carried out in similar agrotechnical terms. In the above-mentioned first mixture the ratio of Sudan grass to vetch is kept in equal proportions being 45-75%. The second mixture consisted of sunflower and vetch should be comprised by mixing components in the following proportions, correspondingly, 25-45% and 75-95%. In the period of plant growing and accumulation of green (dry) mass vegetation waterings should be conducted at 450-750 cu.m/he norms at maintaining 70-80% NM. Harvesting of the first mixture to feed animals should be performed in the first decade of July at the stage of panicles' putting out in Sudan grass and blossoming till development of first beans in vetch. In the second decade of July (under conditions of Lower Povolzhye) one should harvest the second mixture of vetch and sunflower by mowing it down at blossoming of the latter. The method enables to increase performance and quality of cultivation in combined plantations, decrease expenses of irrigation water, exclude processes of water erosion at irrigated parts. EFFECT: higher efficiency of cultivation. 2 tbl