METHOD TO IMPACT BY ENERGY OF CAVITATION ON A FLUID STREAM AND A CAVITATION REACTOR FOR ITS REALIZATION

摘要

FIELD: technologies and equipment of ultrasonic cavitation disintegration. SUBSTANCE: the invention is dealt with technologies and equipment of ultrasonic cavitational disintegration: destructions, disintegration, division into parts of any substances including alive substances, present in the form of weighted phases in these mediums, as well as dissociation of molecules of these mediums. Result of cavitational treatment of the liquid mediums is increase of their dispensability, homogeneity, intensification of chemical reactions running in them, synthesis of new compounds, bacteriolysis and bacteriostasis, and also an increase of their chemical activity, for example, hydration activity of water. Streams of liquid mediums in the form of suspensions, emulsions, colloidal or molecular solutions as well as water and other liquids may be exposed to an impact of energy of cavitation. A liquid with a speed providing a given duration of treatment is passing through a cavitational reactor, where a standing acoustical half-wave is formed in the liquid, which excites in it cavitation with a corresponding mean value of an erosive factor. On the ambit of a plane section of the fluid stream containing a maximum value of the erosive factor, they use the value of the erosive factor of no less, than its mean value in the cavitational reactor. The reactor contains a resonance cell with a diaphragm. The diaphragm is located in the same plane, where the center of mass of the area is located. The plane is a locus, that bisect any general normal line to surfaces of walls of the resonance cell, and coordinates of boundary of a hole in the coordinate system, the origin of coordinates of which coincides with this center of mass, satisfy to a definite equation. The technical result is an increase of effectiveness of usage of a reactor volume. EFFECT: the invention allows to increase effectiveness of usage of a reactor volume. 2 cl, 8 dwg, 3 tbl, 4 ex