Scanning probe microscopy is based on detection and spectral analysis of natural thermal electromagnetic near fields on surface

摘要

The method (FNFM) is based on detection and spectral analysis of natural thermal electromagnetic near fields on a surface. Spectral analysis of the FNFM signal determines local surface chemical composition. Chemical composition of gaseous substances near the sensor is determined by spectral analysis of rotational resonances. To detect high frequency (THz) near fields, a coherent microwave oscillator is used to produce a heterodyne in the HF band, by mixing. This is detected and analyzed in accordance with the independent claim. For detection of high frequency near fields in the infra red and optical bands, a tuned laser is used for heterodyning and corresponding analysis. Spin relaxation and magnetic properties exhibited in an external magnetic field, are analyzed locally using the FNFM method. Local temperature is determined with nanometer resolution, using this method. Dielectric properties of a surface are measured. Hidden, noise-emitting particles under non-noise generating materials are examined.