METHOD FOR OBTAINING NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS AND LAMINATES FROM THERMOPLASTICS AND CLAYS.

摘要

The present invention refers to a method for obtaining nanocomposite films and laminates from thermoplastics and clays useful as roofs, placards, panels, partition frames and in stamping and thermoforming processes. The clays used for the aforesaid method are: sodium clay, calcium clay, sodium montmorillonite, calcium montmorillonite, vermiculite, synthetic clays, smectic clays, beidellites, nontronites, and mixtures thereof. The clays are chemically modified with maleic anhydride and pentaerythritol. The thermoplastics used for said method are: low and high-density polyethylenes, lineal polyethylenes, and high and ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes, acetals, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate. The manufacture of said nanocomposites includes two steps: the first step consists in manufacturing a nanocoposite of the granule-type by means of simultaneously extruding the polymer and the clays in a two spindle ex truder. In the second step the granules are processed in a single spindle extruder, where the product is provided with the desired shape. The nanocomposites obtained by said method present improvements in tension mechanical properties in comparison with the virgin polymer.