COMPACT SYSTEM WITH MILLIMETRIC WAVE TECHNOLOGY TO DEFROST AND / OR PREVENT ICE FORMATION ON THE OUTSIDE SURFACE OF STRUCTURES FOR HOLLOW SPACES OR MONOCASCO EXPOSED TO METEOROLOGICAL AGENTS.

摘要

Structures for hollow spaces or dimensionally stable monocoque structures with a compact, built-in system, with millimeter wave technology to thaw and / or prevent the formation of ice on the outer surface, exposed to meteorological agents, where the walls of the structures of the hollow spaces are made of composite, hardened, thermoplastic or duroplastic materials with dielectric properties, if necessary in combination with other materials such as foams, whose fibrous formations are made of carbon fibers, glass fibers, polymer fibers, polyamide fibers, fibers of polyethylene or aramid fibers, and are coated (the walls) by their outer surfaces, exposed to atmospheric agents, with a metallic film as lightning protection; and where the millimeter wave technology system is composed of at least one millimeter wave source, which radiates in the region of frequencies = 20 GHz and whose power can be controlled by impulses or continuously, characterized in that at least the threatened ice-forming front of the corresponding structure has a laminar conformation, which is composed of a molded part, as a supporting structure, of dielectric composite material of a resistance to shear, pressure and bending adapted to the request, and the outer metal film, which is directly exposed to the incident air, is electrically conductively joined together with other adjacent or immediately adjacent metal surface construction structures, so that a hollow space / closed metal chamber is formed; because it has been installed in the hollow space or in the chambers of each of said molded bodies, at least one individually operable millimeter wave system, which is composed of at least one millimeter wave source with power supply and decoupling mechanism, composed of waveguide and decoupling structure; because the decoupling structure is located along the inside of the molded body towards the outside front, attacked by the air current, so that the decoupled millimeter wave internally collides along it with a wave front or almost with a wave front of the inner free surface of the composite material penetrates the front region, which is there, of the volume of material composed by the action of the millimeter waves by volumetric heating, so that, by a on the one hand, the composite material remains at each point, by the action of the millimeter wave, well below the exfoliation temperature of approximately 130 ° C of the composite material and, on the other, it can exist safely, on the surface of the cut of molded body and metal film, a preset surface power density of up to more than 60 kW / m2 with adherent transparent ice, which keeps the metal film at a temp Pre-set temperature, corresponding to atmospheric requirements, from + 10 ° C to + 70 ° C, and also maintain a defrosting speed, with which it is not safe, on the front attacked by the air flow and with the connected millimeter wave system, any ice formation or that the ice deposited in the front, attacked by the current of air on the contact surface, thaws or begins to thaw when the millimeter wave system is connected.