POWDER-LIKE, CROSS-LINKED POLYMERS ABSORBING AQUEOUS LIQUIDS AND BLOOD ALSO, METHOD FOR THEIR PREPARING AND THEIR APPLYING

摘要

FIELD: chemistry of polymers, medicine.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to powder-like, surface-cross-linked polymerizates absorbing water or serosity fluids and blood and can be used as absorbents in sanitary and hygiene objects. Polymerizate is synthesized from: a) 55-99.9 wt.-% of polymerized ethylene-unsaturated monomers comprising acid groups neutralized at least by 25 mole%; b) 0-40 wt.-% of polymerized ethylene-unsaturated monomers co-polymerizable with monomers a); c) 0.1-5.0 wt.-% of one or some polymerized cross-linking agents; d) 0-30 wt.-% of water-soluble polymer wherein mass amounts of components a)-d) are 100 wt.-% in sum. A cover is applied on indicated polymerizate using e) 0.01-5 wt.-% (as measured for polymerizate) of at least one polyol as a surface cross-linking agent as a surface cross-linking agent as an aqueous solution, and f) 0.001-1.0 wt.-% (as measured for polymerizate) cation, and for cross-linking it is heated to temperature in the range from 150^oC to 300^oC. Method for preparing involves formation of mixture from above indicated components a)-d) wherein mixture is subjected for radical polymerization. If necessary, the mixture is ground and dried to form powder, powder is sieved and prepared powder is treated with above indicated components e) and f). Aqueous solutions of above indicated components e) and f) added in common or separately are stirred intensively with polymeric powder followed by heating to 150-300^oC and thermal cross-linking of this polymeric powder. Invention provides preparing superabsorbing polymers with high capacity under applied pressure, high retaining ability and good permeability. Method allows eliminating the necessary using large amounts of solvents and do not use toxicologically harmful substances.;EFFECT: improved preparing method, valuable properties of polymers.;19 cl, 6 tbl, 16 ex