,;where D is forecast fertilizer nitrogen dose; N is kg/hectare; Yc is crop yield for which fertilizer nitrogen dose is calculated, centner/hectare; C is amount of nitrogen needed for production of 1 centner/hectare of product of designed crop, kg/hectare; Naa is amount of nitrogen in soil actually available to plants, kg/hectare; 0.4 is coefficient of usage by plants of available nitrogen from fertilizer, %. Method may be used for evaluation of humic podzol soil with regard to its nitrogenous state, forecasting of need for nitrogenous fertilizer by plants, determining stock of nitrogen available to plants and forecasting of crop yields. Method does not require prolonged observations and controlling of soil temperature during plant growing periods.;EFFECT: increased efficiency, elimination of employment of expensive bulky equipment for performing forecasting process.;5 dwg, 4 tbl"/>
BIOCHEMICAL METHOD OF FORECASTING NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER DOSES FOR PREDETERMINED CROP YIELD ON HUMIC PODZOL SOIL
FIELD: agriculture, agronomic chemistry, agronomic ecology, soil biology, and chemical analysis of soil.;SUBSTANCE: method involves determining content of mineral nitrogen and potentially mineralizable nitrogen provided by soil incubation at temperature of 34-36°C for 7-8 days; converting mineral and potentially mineralizable soil nitrogen to solution by boiling incubated soil suspension in water in the ratio of 1:5 during 20 min for sandy, sandy loam and medium loamy soil and during 30 min for heavily loamy soil; subjecting aqueous extraction of soil sample to analysis by means of Kieldal apparatus for determining nitrogen content actually available to plants under light alkaline hydrolysis conditions; determining nitrogen content potentially available to plants under drastic alkaline hydrolysis conditions; forecasting fertilizer nitrogen dose on the basis of nitrogen content actually available to plants for predetermined yield of specific crop with the use of coefficient of assimilation by plants of soil nitrogen and fertilizers, and amount of nitrogen needed for production of 1 centner/hectare of product from formula: ,;where D is forecast fertilizer nitrogen dose; N is kg/hectare; Yc is crop yield for which fertilizer nitrogen dose is calculated, centner/hectare; C is amount of nitrogen needed for production of 1 centner/hectare of product of designed crop, kg/hectare; Naa is amount of nitrogen in soil actually available to plants, kg/hectare; 0.4 is coefficient of usage by plants of available nitrogen from fertilizer, %. Method may be used for evaluation of humic podzol soil with regard to its nitrogenous state, forecasting of need for nitrogenous fertilizer by plants, determining stock of nitrogen available to plants and forecasting of crop yields. Method does not require prolonged observations and controlling of soil temperature during plant growing periods.;EFFECT: increased efficiency, elimination of employment of expensive bulky equipment for performing forecasting process.;5 dwg, 4 tbl
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机译：领域：农业，农艺化学，农艺生态，土壤生物学和土壤化学分析;;物质：该方法涉及确定在34-36℃温度下培养7-8天的土壤温育提供的矿质氮和潜在可矿化氮的含量;对于沙质，沙壤土和中等壤质土壤，在20分钟内，对于重质壤土，在30分钟内，以1：5的比例将水中悬浮的土壤悬浮液沸腾，从而将矿质氮和潜在可矿化的土壤氮转化为溶液;利用Kieldal设备对土壤样品的水提物进行分析，以确定在轻度碱性水解条件下植物实际可获得的氮含量;确定在剧烈碱性水解条件下植物可能可获得的氮含量;使用植物对土壤氮和肥料的同化系数以及每生产1厘米/公顷产品所需要的氮量，根据特定作物预定产量实际可得的植物实际氮含量预测肥料氮剂量公式：，其中D是预测的肥料氮剂量; N是kg /公顷; Y c 是计算出肥料氮剂量的作物产量，以分/公顷为单位; C是指生产1厘米/公顷设计作物的产品所需的氮量，kg /公顷; N aa 是植物实际可利用的土壤中的氮量，千克/公顷; 0.4是植物从肥料中获得的可用氮的使用系数，％。该方法可用于评估腐殖土的氮素状态，预测植物对氮肥的需求，确定植物可利用的氮储备以及预测农作物产量的方法。该方法不需要在植物生长期间进行长时间的观察和控制土壤温度。效果：提高效率，消除了使用昂贵的笨重设备进行预报过程的需要; 5 dwg，4 tbl
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