fuel and fuel additive for a direct methanol fuel cell, and methods for permitting the detection of fuel leakage from a fuel cell, and for preparing a fuel mixture for a direct methanol fuel cell

摘要

"FUEL AND ADDITIVE FUEL FOR A DIRECT METHANE FUEL CELL, AND METHODS FOR ALLOWING FUEL LEAK DETECTION, AND FOR PREPARING A FUEL FROM A DIRECT METANOL FUEL. Fuel mixtures for direct methanol fuel cells are disclosed. Fuels include methanol and water-reactive additives to produce methanol and other easily electro-oxidizable compounds including dimethyloxymethane, methylortoformate, tetramethylortocarbonate, trimethylborate and tetramethylorthosilicate. Other additives to improve fuel cell safety and efficiency include sulfonated activated carbon particles and metal hydrides such as LiA1H ~ 4 ~, NaBH ~ 4 ~, LiBH ~ 4 ~, (CH ~ 3 ~) ~ 2 ~ NHBH ~ 3 ~, NaA1H ~ 4 ~, B ~ 2 ~ H ~ 6 ~, NaCNBH ~ 3 ~, CaH ~ 2 ~, LiH, NaH, KH or sodium bis (2-methoxyethoxy) dihydridoaluminate.