A PROCESS FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BIOACTIVE COMPONENT PRESENT IN BARK AND SEEDS OF EUGENIA JAMBOLANA (JAMUN) USED IN HERBAL REMEDIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DIABETIC

摘要

The present invention relates to a process for the characterization of bioactive components present in Eugenia jambolana (jamun) used in herbal remedies for the treatment of diabetic. Activity present in alcoholic extracts or in low molecular weight (5000 Dalton) fraction of the aqueous extracts of bark and seeds reversibly inhibits activities of maltase and sucrase of both mammalian and microbial origins and thus regulates blood glucose level in diabetics. One of the most direct and beneficial types of therapy for non-insulin dependent diabetics is achieved by control of blood glucose level after meal by delaying glucose absorption. These enzymes are involved in the gastric digestion of starch into glucose and enzymatic hydrolysis sucrose into glucose entering into blood stream. Pancreatic amylase directly participate in starch digestion producing maltose as the major end product while membrane-bound maltase and sucrase at the epithelium of the small intestine catalyze the cleavage of disaccharide maltose into glucose or sucrose into fructose and glucose which enter into blood stream. Many non-protein low molecular weight inhibitors of alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and sucrase are clinically used (Acarbose, valiolamine and "Miglitol" )for the treatment of type-II or insulin-independent diabetes. Eugenia jambolana is used in Indian Ayurvedic Medicine for treating diabetic mellitus and that plant extract lowers blood sugar of alloxan diabetic animals is known. But bioactive component of Eugenia jambolana which might be responsible for lowering blood glucose level is not known. The present invention provides a process for the characterization of inhibitory activities of aqueous extract of Eugenia jambolana seeds or bark on maltase and sucrase activities, which comprise collection of fresh or dried uninfected bark or seeds of Eugenia jambolana washing them with water, blending in blender to paste, separating the aqueous solution by pressure filtration, further filtering the solution by ultrafiltration membrane of 5,000 dalton cut, collecting the filtrate and drying the solution in a lyophilizer, and characterizing the inhibitory activities of the fraction on activities of maltase and sucrase or seeds and bark of Eugenia jambolana on maltase and sucrase activities, which comprise collection of fresh or dried uninfected bark or seeds of Eugenia jambolana; drying them, grinding them to a powder form in a hand mill and extracting each separately with ethyl alcohol for 24 hours, collecting the filtrates, removing alcohol by evaporation of the solvent 50°C and characterizing the inhibitory activities of dried powder on maltase and sucrase. lowering of blood sugar level lowering of blood sugar level..From l00gm of dry bark,4 gms of slid dry material was obtained. From 100 gm of dry seeds 3.2 gm of dry material was obtained. Ethanolic From 100 gm of dry bark 2gm of dry solid material was obtained. From 100 gm of dry seeds 1.4 gm of solid dry material was obtained. Assay of inhibitory activity of the extracts on different glycosidases (Maltase and Sucrase) were performed and IC 50 values and Ki were determined.