MACHINE FOR LOADING AND SPREADING MINERAL FERTILISERS AND METHOD OF MINERAL FERTILISER LOADING

摘要

FIELD: mechanical engineering.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural mechanical engineering, namely to fertiliser spreading machines, and can be used for self-loading and spreading of mineral fertilisers and other bulk materials packed into plastic bags. The machine is mounted on a tractor through a hitch (3). Four supporting wheels (2) are set on the carriage (1) axes. A hopper (4) is placed in the carriage rings. A chute (5), guiding bows (6), supports (7) with support pins, a backing bow (8) and a support frame with frame pins are welded to the carriage girders. The carriage journals are fitted by coupling links (9) with a grip (10) with a connected track being jointed to them. There is a metering device (12) under the hopper; it is driven by a metering device drive (13). A splitter (14), two spreading discs (16) shielded on front and on sides by reflectors (15) are mounted under the metering device. The operating elements are driven by a drive mechanism (17). A hook and a limit stop are welded to the carriage. Method of loading mineral fertilisers and other bulk materials packed into plastic bags involves tilting the machine backwards, gripping packed material, its dumping into the machine, sliding along the chute, preliminary lifting of the machine with the material with the package being pierced by knives - from beneath and by needles - from above, broadening the openings. Air comes into the openings formed at the needles when the package is stretched by the material sliding down the chute and it prevents vacuum formation in the upper part of the sealed bag during emptying. The method can be used for loading fertilisers and bulk materials both from a tractor trailer and from the ground.;EFFECT: invention provides for easy use in field conditions.;2 cl, 24 dwg