A carbon nanotube catalyst wherein metal catalyst nanoparticles are selectively supported only on the inner channel surface of the carbon nanotube, and a method for preparing the same are provided. Specifically, provided are: a carbon nanotube catalyst with supported metal catalyst nanoparticles, having excellent selective catalyst activity and durability, wherein the carbon nanotube catalyst is prepared by carrying out a specific pretreatment so as to form some defects on the inner surface of a carbon nanotube and then exposing the pretreated carbon nanotube to a flow of vapor phase metal precursors so that metal catalyst nanoparticles can be supported only on the inner channel surface of the carbon nanotube by CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) process; and a method for preparing the same.
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