Device for producing torrefied wood, charcoal, wood tar, pyroligneous acid and synthesis gas

摘要

The system for pyrolysis of organic raw material in dry form, such as basically vertical and cylindrical, where the system is provided with central fireplace and an outer cylinder, comprises a funnel-shaped water jacket for the condensation and separation of wood tar and wood vinegar. The produced synthesis gas is cleaned from the wood tar and the wood vinegar, where the cleaned synthesis gas is guided in between the pyrolysis vessel and the outer cylinder bottom, and is guided over the central fireplace top and is supplied another application. The system is provided with a gas-tight. The system for pyrolysis of organic raw material in dry form, such as basically vertical and cylindrical, where the system is provided with a central fireplace and outer cylinder, comprises a funnel-shaped water jacket for the condensation and separation of wood tar and wood vinegar. The produced synthesis gas is cleaned from the wood tar and the wood vinegar, where the cleaned synthesis gas is guided in between the pyrolysis vessel and the outer cylinder bottom, and is guided over the central fireplace top and is supplied another application. The system is provided with a gas-tight feeding mounted on the funnel-shaped upper part of the pyrolysis vessel, which allows a single batch- or a continuous process with the purpose of the feeding of the system with granular shaped, divided or pelleted biogenic waste such as stem or straw or other such waste in granular shaped, divided or pelleted form, and with a cooling jacket around the funnel-shaped upper part of the pyrolysis vessel, where the system is equipped with a coolant inlet and coolant outlet with the purpose of the separation of condensable materials mainly the wood tar and the wood vinegar from the emerging synthesis gas, and is provided with a circular and inclined groove at the internal surface of the cooling jacket, which opens out into an outlet of the condensates at the lowest point of the groove. The system comprises an outer cylinder around the cylindrical part of the pyrolysis vessel and provided with a circular secondary burner and individually adjustable air access for partially or completely combustion of the cleaned synthesis gas and after the subsequent continuation towards bottom in direction of the base of the system in dependence of the desired pyrolysis temperature. The system is provided with a circular main burner with individually adjustable air access for partially or completely combustion of the cleaned synthesis gas and the subsequent continuation of the gas by the central fireplace, where the burner is alternatively operated with an external energy source such as natural gas for the purpose of the alternative of exothermic conditions in the pyrolysis vessel at starting of the process. The system is provided with an optional inlet for introducing hot exhaust gases from furnaces or gas engines directly into the raw material for producing kilned wood or charcoal, and comprises the central fireplace for transporting heat and/or remaining synthesis gas upwards to the fireplace outlet, where an optional tertiary burner is mounted for the complete combustion of the remaining synthesis gas or alternatively. The remaining synthesis gas is guided by an optional blower of a tank or heat exchanger. The system comprises a gas-tight screw-conveyor for the kilned wood or the charcoal, designed for the single charge and the continuous operation with the purpose of the transportation of the process into a closed system, is provided with temperature probes for the purpose of the regulation of the air access of the main or secondary burner, and is equipped with an optional inlet of water or steam in the upper part of the closed system with the purpose, which is deterred by the screw-conveyor transported charcoal. An independent claim is included for a method for pyrolysis of organic raw material.