Method for growing a single crystal, comprises producing a melt from a mixture containing aluminum-garnet and/or gallium-garnet and/or a rare earth element and/or a mixture of metal oxides

摘要

The method for growing a single crystal, comprises producing a melt from a mixture containing the aluminum-garnet and/or gallium-garnet and/or a rare earth element and/or a mixture of metal oxides (Me 2O 3, where Me is rare earth elements, gallium and/or aluminum). The melt comprises an aluminum fluoride, gallium fluoride and/or a fluoride of rare earth elements, where the aluminum oxide and/or gallium oxide exist in the mixture related to the garnet against the rare earth fluoride in excess in stoichiometric manner. The method for growing a single crystal, comprises producing a melt from a mixture containing the aluminum-garnet and/or gallium-garnet and/or a rare earth element and/or a mixture of metal oxides (Me 2O 3, where Me is rare earth elements, gallium and/or aluminum). The melt comprises a aluminum fluoride, gallium fluoride and/or a fluoride of rare earth elements, where the aluminum oxide and/or gallium oxide exist in the mixture related to the garnet against the rare earth fluoride in excess in stoichiometric manner and/or an oxide of rare earth element exists in the mixture related to the garnet against the gallium fluoride and/or the aluminum fluoride in excess in stoichiometric manner. The portion of fluoride or the fluorides in the melt is 5-20 wt.%. A portion of fluxing agent is formed from fluorine-containing atmosphere and an additive of metal or oxide of aluminum and/or the rare earth and/or rare earths in the melt is formed. The crystallization is carried out by Czochralski-, vertical gradient freezing- or Bridgman method. The melt is present in a pressure vessel. A gas-tight container contains fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, carbon tetrafluoride, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and/or inert gas such as argon and/or nitrogen. The container contains a mixture of argon, carbon-monoxide/carbon-dioxide and carbon tetrafluoride or from fluorine and hydrogen. The melt is sealed with a supernatant- cover or fluid against escaping of gas. The temperature is 10[deg] C above the melting temperature of the solid mixture. Independent claims are included for (1) a crystal; (2) an optical element of a crystal; and (3) a scintillator.