Disclosed is a method for differentiating in a subject suffering from kidney damage between kidney damage caused by (i) heart failure and/or (ii) diabetes mellitus type 1 or type 2 including the steps of: a) determining the amount of liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and the amount of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) in a urine-sample of a subject and forming the L-FABP/KIM-1 ratio; b) determining the amount of adiponectin in a urine-sample of said subject; and c) comparing the ratio determined in a) and the amount determined in b) with reference amounts, and establishing the predominant cause of the kidney damage. Also disclosed are a device and a kit for carrying out the method.
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