All-polymer fibrillar nanocomposites and method for manufacture thereof

摘要

All-polymer fibrillar nanocomposites according to the invention contain a thermoplastic polymer selected from polyolefins, polyacetals, vinyl polymers, poliamides or poliesters, eventually with known additives, and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) wiyh the crystalline phase content above 50 wt.% , with melting temperature of 330°C or above 330°C, in the form of individual foibers with transverse sizes ranging from 20 tp 500 nm, in the amount ranging from 0.1 wt% to 15 wt.%. To modify properties of a thermoplastic polymer or a composition containing of a thermoplastic polymer, to a thermoplastic polymer from the group of polyolefins, polyacetals, vinyl polymers, polyamides, and polyesters, eventually contaning known additives, prior its processing, poly(tetrafluoroethylene) having crystallinity above 50wt.% and melting temperature 330°C or higher in the form of powder with particles of sizes in the range from 100 nm to 2 mm is added in the amount ranging from 0.1wt% to 15wt.% and the composition obtained in this way is mixed at temperature higher than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic polymer, subjecting the composition during mixing to shearing forces preferably at high shear rates until transformation of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) into individual fibers after which, eventually, the obtained nanocomposite is processed by extrusion, injection molding, thermoforming or foaming.