Disclosed are a reception processing device for speed measurement in real time and a real-time speed measuring system. The real-time speed measuring system comprises an emitter arranged on a ground facility, a reception processing device arranged on a vehicle and a service unit wirelessly connected with the reception processing device. The reception receiving device receives radio wave signals emitted by the emitter, conducts Doppler speed measurement based on the received radio wave signals, and then sends the measuring result to the service unit. With the technical solution of the present invention, factors, such as size of the vehicle as the measuring object, distance to the emitter and weather condition, do not need to be concerned, and the effective distance of the speed measuring system is enlarged. In the present invention, the reception processing device actively reports the measuring result, and the Doppler speed measuring process is undertaken by a single reception processing device, so that in a hot spot area with a large traffic flow, an accurate measuring result can also be obtained.
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