A system and method is provided in which a diffusion tensor image of the gray matter of a subject's brain is recorded. The diffusion tensor image is used to determine the Fractional Anisotropy of that area of the subject's brain. It has been determined that a decrease in Fractional Anisotropy is related to a decrease in dendritic quality and/or quantity in the subject's brain, which is typically caused by the presence of Alzheimer's Disease. Consequently, the Fractional Anisotropy determination is used to diagnosis the presence of Alzheimer's Disease.
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