The present invention relates to a digital phantom for medical radiography, and to a method and system for obtaining a medical image using said digital phantom. The digital phantom according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a grid module disposed between a radiation source and a detector and having a plurality of spots arranged in an array by partitions that intersect horizontally and vertically, wherein the angles of the partitions are formed to correspond to the light progression path of the radiation; and at least one reference object attached to at least one of the spots in the grid module and designed to correspond to the predetermined amount of transmission of the radiation.
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