Disclosed is a rescue machine for tunnel collapses, comprising a cutting head (1) with a diameter-alteration function; a spiral conveyance shaft (2); a drive unit for rotation of the spiral conveyance shaft; a rescue cylinder (5); a propulsion system; a hydraulic pump station; an under-chassis (20); a power distribution cabinet (18); and a control cabinet (19), the spiral conveyance shaft being sheathed in the rescue cylinder. The rescue machine adopts a cutting head with a diameter-alteration function to perform rock cutting through the collapsed earthen mass, thus it is possible to adjust the excavation diameter in a timely manner during the propulsion process. The muck generated from the cutting is discharged out of the rear portion of the rescue cylinder by the spiral conveyance shaft. The rescue cylinder is also propelled forward simultaneously with the propulsion of the spiral conveyance shaft, and after the spiral conveyance shaft has been drawn out, the rescue cylinder constitutes a safe channel enabling people trapped by the collapse in the process of tunnel excavation to be rescued. Moreover, both the spiral conveyance shaft and the rescue cylinder in the rescue machine are made up of multiple sections, facilitating long-distance tunneling; and the front end of the spiral conveyance shaft is tensioned using steel cables, reducing down-warping of the spiral conveyance shaft and ensuring normal operation thereof.
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