METHOD OF PREPARING CATALYST FOR DECOMPOSING NITROUS OXIDE AND PROCESS OF DECONTAMINATING GAS EMISSIONS CONTAINING NITROUS OXIDE

摘要

FIELD: chemistry.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of decontaminating nitrous oxide, including low-concentration emissions of nitrous oxide, for example in exhaust gases from production of nitric acid, using a catalyst based on an iron-containing zeolite. Described is a method of preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide by mixing a zeolite having a structure selected from the following: MFI, MEL, BEA, FER, MOR and having the composition: y·El₂O_n·SiO₂, where y = 10^-5-5·10^-2 , El is at least aluminium and one element from periods 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the periodic table of elements, n is valence of the element, with iron-modified binder, the binder being aluminium oxide with additives selected from the following oxides: silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, iron oxide, cobalt oxide, copper oxide, lanthanum oxide, phosphorus oxide, with weight ratio of aluminium oxide to any of the listed oxides ranging from 0.01:100 to 10:100, with weight ratio of the zeolite to binder ranging from 1:9 to 9:1, where the modifying iron in the catalyst is x·Fe₂O₃, where x=10^-5-5·10^-2; modification is carried out by adding to the binder a dry or hydrated salt and/or solution of an iron salt with subsequent formation and activation of the catalyst to obtain a catalyst, wherein at least 0.5-50% of the contained iron and not less than 5·10¹⁷ iron atoms per gram catalyst are in reduced form in the form of special complexes of α-centres which are detectable and measurable using a special technique, involving determination of the amount of surface oxygen deposited from nitrous oxide at temperature of 100-300°C on the surface of the catalyst. A method of decontaminating gaseous emissions is also described.;EFFECT: simple method of producing a highly efficient catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide.;6 cl, 1 tbl, 19 ex