POSITION-SENSITIVE DETECTOR OF THERMAL NEUTRONS

摘要

The invention relates to a device for detection of thermal neutrons. Position-sensitive detector of thermal neutrons, comprising: a sealed housing, with the electrode support elements filled with a gas mixture inlet window, the central wire anode electrode, two wire cathode coordinate electrodes disposed symmetrically on either side of a central anode electrode with clearance, two wire drift cathode electrode, located behind them in this way. Wires coordinate each cathode electrode connected to a strip and are oriented mutually perpendicularly relative to each other to obtain the cartesian coordinates X, Y and these strips are connected to their delay lines. Drift between the cathode electrode and the cathode electrode of the coordinate in the drift gap material is introduced from the porous airgel structure: Various types of material Pyrogel, a thickness of, e.g., 5-10 mm enriched in one of the isotopes, which effectively captures the neutron and reacts with them in nuclear interaction, wherein gas mixture in the housing is at atmospheric pressure. Airgel (different types of material Pyrogel) enriched in one of the isotopes ¹⁰ B, ⁶ Li, ¹¹³ Cd, ¹⁷⁴ Hf, ¹⁷⁷ Hf, ¹⁵⁵ Gd, ¹⁵⁷ Gd, having a large neutron capture cross section. The gas mixture contains an inert gas, e.g., one of: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe and carbon monoxide, and may also comprise CF4 additive, wherein the detector operates on blowing. The technical effect consists in reducing the cost of construction due to the possibility of failure of the expensive gas ³ He, simplification of embodiment by operating the chamber at atmospheric pressure without deterioration of the technical characteristics of the device.