Graft-modified vinyl and ethyl ester esters polymers, their method of preparation and their use as additives that improve the cold properties of liquid hydrocarbons.

摘要

Ethylene copolymer and graft vinyl ester of molar mass of greater than 10000 g.mol - 1, comprises: a unit of ethylene derivative; a unit B; a unit C; and a unit D or D', where unit A is present at 29-97 mole%, unit B is present at 1-20 mole%, unit C is present at 0-10 moles%, unit D or D'in polymer is present at 0.6-34 mole%, unit Q in D or D'is present at 8.2-99.9 mole%. Ethylene copolymer and grafted vinyl ester of molar mass of greater than 10000 g.mol - 1, comprises: a unit of ethylene derivative of formula A ((CH 2-CH 2) n); a unit of formula B ((CH 2-CHOCOR 1) m - x); a unit of formula C ((CH 2-CHOH) x 1); and a unit of formula D ((CH 2-CHG) x 2) or D'((CH 2C(OCOCH 3)Q) x 2), where unit A is present at 29-97 mole%, unit B is present at 1-20 mole%, unit C is present at 0-10 moles%, unit D or D'in polymer is present at 0.6-34 mole%, unit Q in D or D'is present at 8.2-99.9 mole%. n : 45-650; m : 5-110; R 11-15C alkyl group; x1 : 0-0.95; x2 : 0-0.05; G : G1 of formula (-OCOCHCH 3Q-), G2 of formula (-OCOCH 2Q-) or G3 of formula (-OCOCH 2SQ-); Q : Q1 of formula ((-CH 2-CZCOOR q 1)-X q), where p1 is 1-800, Q2 of formula ((-CH 2-CZOCOR q 2) p 2-X q), preferably (OCOR q 2) is pivalate, isopentanoate, isohexanoate, 2-ethylhexanoate, isononanoate, isodecanoate, isotridecanoate, neononanoate, neodecanoate or neoundecanoate; p2 : 1-100; X : halo, preferably Br, I; q = 0-1; Z : halo, CH 3, R q 1, R q 2, or 1-03C, preferably 4-15C alkyl (optionally saturated); and x : 0.25-55. Independent claims are included for: (1) a process for preparing the graft polymers, comprising: providing ethylene polymer and vinyl ester; reaction of partial hydrolysis of alkyl esters in unit B as the hydrolysis rate of = 50% of hydrolysis, preferably less than 20%; reaction of partial esterification of the sites by acid halide of formula (XOC-CH 2-CH 3-jXj-CH 3), where the rate esterification is greater than 50%, preferably 100%; and polymerization reaction at initiation site carrying halogen, monomer of formula M1 (CH 2=CZCOOR) or M2 (CH 2=CZCOOR), where the degree of polymerization p1 of monomer M1 to give unit Q1, is 1-50, or the degree of polymerization of the monomer p2 of the monomer M2 to give unit Q2, is 1-6; (2) a concentrated solution of a polymer in the hydrocarbon distillate, having a concentration of greater than 50 wt.%, preferably 60-80 wt.%; (3) a distillate mean comprising at least a major part of hydrocarbon cup of distillate of sulfur content being less than 5000 ppm, preferably less than 50 ppm, and a minor part of at least an bifunctional additive of filterability and flow; (4) a diesel fuel comprising 0-500 ppm sulfur and at least a distillate; (5) a fuel comprising a distillate of which the minor part consists 10-5000 ppm of additive in combination with any other detergent additives, dispersants, emulsifier, anti-foaming agent, biocide, reodorants, cetane improvers, anti-corrosion agent, friction modifiers, lubricity improvers, combustion, cloud point, flow point, anti-sedimentation, and conductivity; (6) a heating oil comprising 0-5000 ppm of sulfur, and the distillate; and (7) a heavy fuel oil comprising the distillate. j : 1-2; X : Cl; Z : halo or CH 3; and R : 1-30 alkyl group.