The present invention provides a method for preparing a nitrogen-doped carbon nanostructure, the method comprising: heating one kind of a precursor including a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, and a metal atom to prepare a metal-carbon structure including a metal or a metal oxide and carbon (step 1); and removing the metal or metal oxide of the metal-carbon structure prepared in step 1 (step 2). The method for preparing a nitrogen-doped carbon nanostructure, according to the present invention, is advantageous in mass production since the nitrogen-doped carbon nanostructure can be prepared by a simple method of preparing a metal-carbon structure by heating a single precursor and then removing the metal. Also, there is an effect of obtaining various carbon structures depending on various heating temperature and a type of precursors. Moreover, since additional materials such as a template, a solvent, and a catalyst are not used, the present invention is environmentally friendly. Further, the nitrogen-doped carbon nanostructure, according to the present invention, has performance similar to a platinum/carbon catalyst.
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