The present invention discloses the use of a Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide in the preparation of functional food having efficacy of supplementary for inhibiting colon cancer, wherein Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide is preferably prepared by the following method: with Cistanche deserticola as raw material, is prepared by the processes including extraction with boiling water, deproteinization, dialysis and ethanol treatment, the Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide has an effect of regulating tumor microenvironment, the Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide according to the present invention is able to regulate tumor microenvironment by many pathways of inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, immunosuppression, anti-oxidation and inhibiting the growth of colon cancer fibroblast etc., which demonstrate that it has good effect of supplementary for inhibiting colon cancer tumor.
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