Method to improve the efficiency of hydraulic turbines and hydraulic turbine

摘要

Method for improving the efficiency of a hydraulic turbine (10), in particular a Pelton turbine (10), the hydraulic turbine (10) comprising a rotating turbine wheel (12) having a wheel disk and a plurality of blades (14 ) fixed to the wheel disk, and further comprising at least one nozzle (16) for expelling a jet (15) of water on the blades (14), the rotating wheel (12) and the at least one nozzle (16) being arranged in a casing (11) with a water outlet (18), and the method comprising the step of providing the interior of the casing (11) with means to reduce the return splash of the water leaving the wheel (12), or the detrimental spreading of water on the rotating wheel (12), these means including one or more energy damping devices that are attached to stationary surfaces (21A-21F), exposed to the splash of water within the casing (11 ) turbine in order to dissipate energy from at least water from a High speed leaving the blades (14) and / or dense spray water mist, characterized in that the one or more energy damping devices, which are fixed to the surfaces (21A-21F) exposed to the splash of water inside of the turbine casing (11), are mats, which are made of a material and have a suitable surface to dissipate the energy of the splashing water.