An identity identification method and device applied to petroleum drill pipe operation, the method comprising: conducting a magnetic marker processing on a specific region of a drill pipe; detecting a change in a magnetic characteristic at the specific region; and upon detecting an anomaly value of the magnetic characteristic, detecting the magnetic marker of the drill pipe, and acquiring a code number of the drill pipe based on a position, width and/or magnetic anomaly amplitude information of the magnetic marker. The advantages of the present invention are: first, the invention is easy to achieve, acquiring the drill pipe code number based on the position, width and/or magnetic anomaly amplitude information of the magnetic marker; second, the invention facilitates automatic reading by a machine, in particular facilitates automatic reading of the code number during drilling in the field; and third, the invention, via the drill pipe code number, obtains identity information of the petroleum drill pipe so as to establish a record for each of the drill pipes, thus enabling the length of time each drill pipe operating under various depth, tension/pressure, vibration and mud corrosion conditions to be known, thereby achieving a more scientific drill pipe classification, thereby reducing drilling accidents, preventing excessive allowance after retiring drill pipes, and reducing overall cost of the drilling operation.
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