According to an automatic river detection system and a method thereof using a combination of a satellite image and a random forest classifier, suggested by the present invention, top of atmosphere (TOA) reflectivity and water index (WI) are extracted, as feature vectors, from multiple spectral images of the satellite image; a plurality of types of random forest classifiers are learned using the TOA reflectivity and the WI, instead of a heuristic threshold or a self-learning method; and a river area is extracted from a test image using the learned classifier such that rivers can be automatically classified more accurately.
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