A malfunction determining apparatus (2) for determining a malfunction of a target apparatus includes a receiver (24) that receives, from a target apparatus (1), a plurality of items of physical data having frequency bands that are different from each other, the physical data items being output by multiple sensors (S) in the target apparatus (1) while the target apparatus (1) is operating in each one of a plurality of operating modes and circuitry that analyzes the received physical data to identify, for each of the operating modes, at least one of the physical data items having a specific feature from among the plurality of items of physical data that are received from the target apparatus (1), stores in a memory (204), for each of the operating modes, information indicating at least one sensor (S) of the multiple sensors (S) that has output the at least one of the physical data item that is identified, and determines abnormality of the target apparatus (1) operating in a specific operating mode of the operating modes, using only the physical data output from the at least one sensor (S) stored in the memory (204) for the specific operating mode.
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