The present invention provides an asymmetrically modified CMS hollow fiber membrane having improved gas separation performance characteristics and a method for producing an asymmetrically modified CMS hollow fiber membrane having improved gas separation performance characteristics. The production method of the present invention includes a step of treating a polymer precursor fiber with a solution containing a modifier and then subjecting it to a thermal decomposition treatment. The concentration of the modifier in the solution can be selected to obtain an asymmetrically modified CMS hollow fiber membrane having the desired combination of gas permeance and selectivity characteristics. The treated precursor fiber is then pyrolyzed to produce an asymmetrically modified CMS hollow fiber membrane with improved gas permeance. [Selection] Figure 1
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