Provided is an engine cylinder bore having a surface with a composite micromorphology. The surface of the cylinder bore has a composite micromorphology array, and the composite micromorphology comprises cavities A (3) and cavities B (4); the connecting lines of the centers of gravity of every four adjacent cavities A (3) form a rectangle; one cavity B (4) is located in each rectangle, and the centers of gravity of the cavities B (4) are coincided with the centers of the rectangles; the morphology contours of the cavities A (3) and the cavities B (4) are in circular shapes or are short grooves; the cavities exert a lubricating effect, and the short grooves are used for storing lubricating oil, and the cavities and the short grooves enable the micromorphology to be more uniform in distribution; furthermore, a uniform and continuous lubricating oil film and a dynamic pressure lubrication effect are formed in a working process of a cylinder bore-piston ring friction pair, thereby improving the tribological properties of the cylinder bore-piston ring friction pair, and improving the surface wear resistance of the cylinder bore; and for a whole engine, the fuel consumption is reduced by about 4-5%, and the engine oil consumption is reduced by about 30-50%.
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