Disclosed are an ultrasonic brain stimulation or regulation and control method and apparatus based on a large-scale area array element. The method comprises: step 1, establishing a head three-dimensional digital model; step 2, arranging a virtual sound source at a position where a brain needs to be stimulated or regulated and controlled, and using the virtual sound source to emit ultrasonic waves to the surroundings; step 3, based on the head three-dimensional digital model, performing sound field simulation, simulating acoustic parameters of the ultrasonic waves, emitted by the virtual sound source, which arrive at an array element position after passing through brain tissues, a skull and an ultrasonic coupling apparatus, and performing simulation to obtain a voltage signal obtained by an ultrasonic transducer after piezoelectric conversion; and step 4, according to the obtained acoustic parameters and the voltage signal, performing time reversal, applying a voltage corresponding to the voltage signal to the array element, and emitting the ultrasonic waves, so as to enable the ultrasonic waves which pass through the skull to focus at the position of the virtual sound source in the brain, thereby performing ultrasonic brain stimulation or regulation and control.
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